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1 constrain
tr[kəns'treɪn]1 (oblige, force) constreñir, obligar, forzar2 (restrict, hold back) contenerconstrain [kən'streɪn] vt1) compel: constreñir, obligar2) confine: constreñir, limitar, restringir3) restrain: contener, refrenarv.• constreñir v.• detener v.(§pres: -tengo, -tienes...-tenemos) pret: -tuv-fut/c: -tendr-•)• encerrar v.• limitar v.• obligar v.• restringir v.kən'streɪntransitive verb ( compel) (often pass) obligar*, constreñir* (frml)[kǝn'streɪn]VT (=oblige) obligarto feel/be constrained to do sth — sentirse/verse obligado a hacer algo
* * *[kən'streɪn]transitive verb ( compel) (often pass) obligar*, constreñir* (frml) -
2 constrain
constrain [kən'streɪn]∎ to constrain sb to do sth contraindre qn à faire qch -
3 constrain
constrain [kənˈstreɪn]• women often feel constrained by family commitments les femmes trouvent souvent contraignantes les responsabilités familiales* * *[kən'streɪn]transitive verb sout2) ( limit) entraverconstrained — [smile] contraint; [silence] gêné; [atmosphere] de gêne
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4 constrain
transitive verb* * *con·strain[kənˈstreɪn]vt1. (restrict)▪ to \constrain sth etw einschränken2. (compel)▪ to \constrain sb jdn zwingen▪ to \constrain sb jdn inhaftieren* * *[kən'streɪn]vtzwingen; one's temper zügeln* * *constrain [kənˈstreın] v/t1. jemanden zwingen, nötigen, drängen:be ( oder feel) constrained to do sth gezwungen oder genötigt sein oder sich gezwungen fühlen, etwas zu tun2. etwas erzwingen3. beschränken, einengen4. einsperren (to in dat)* * *transitive verb* * *v.zwingen v.(§ p.,pp.: zwang, gezwungen) -
5 constrain
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6 oblige
1. transitive verb1) (be binding on)oblige somebody to do something — jemandem vorschreiben, etwas zu tun
you are not obliged to answer these questions — Sie sind nicht verpflichtet, diese Fragen zu beantworten
feel obliged to do something — sich verpflichtet fühlen, etwas zu tun
3) (be kind to)oblige somebody by doing something — jemandem den Gefallen tun und etwas tun
oblige somebody with something — (help out) jemandem mit etwas aushelfen
could you oblige me with a lift? — könnten Sie mich freundlicherweise mitnehmen?
2. intransitive verbbe much/greatly obliged to somebody [for something] — jemandem [für etwas] sehr verbunden sein
anything to oblige — (as answer) stets zu Diensten
* * *2) (to do (someone) a favour or service: Could you oblige me by carrying this, please?) einen Gefallen tun•- academic.ru/51001/obligation">obligation- obligatory
- obligatorily
- obliging
- obligingly* * *[əˈblaɪʤ]I. vt1. (force)▪ to \oblige sb to do sth jdn zwingen, etw zu tunyou're not \obliged to do that Sie sind nicht verpflichtet, das zu tunyou're not \obliged to answer these questions Sie brauchen diese Fragen nicht zu beantworten2. (please)would you please \oblige me by waiting outside for a few moments? wären Sie so gut und würden einen Augenblick draußen warten?3. (to thank)much \obliged! herzlichen Dank![I am very] much \obliged [to you] ( dated) ich danke Ihnen/dir vielmalsI'd be much \obliged if you would complete the form as soon as possible ich wäre Ihnen sehr dankbar, wenn Sie das Formular baldmöglichst ausfüllen würden▪ to \oblige sb with sth jdm etw gebencould you \oblige me with a light? hätten Sie mir vielleicht Feuer?II. vi helfento be happy [or glad] to \oblige bereitwillig helfenmy brother is always ready to \oblige mein Bruder ist immer sehr hilfsbereitanything to \oblige stets zu Diensten* * *[ə'blaɪdZ]1. vt1) (= compel) zwingen; (because of duty) verpflichten (sb to do sth jdn, etw zu tun); (JUR) vorschreiben (sb to do sth jdm, etw zu tun)to feel obliged to do sth — sich verpflichtet fühlen, etw zu tun
2) (= do a favour to) einen Gefallen tun (+dat), gefällig sein (+dat)could you oblige me with a light? —
please oblige me by opening a window — würden Sie mir bitte den Gefallen tun und ein Fenster öffnen?
he obliged us with a song — er gab uns ein Lied zum Besten
would you oblige me by not interrupting, I would be obliged if you wouldn't interrupt — hätten Sie die Güte, mich nicht zu unterbrechen
anything to oblige a friend — was tut man nicht alles für einen Freund!
3)I am much obliged to you for this! — ich bin Ihnen dafür sehr verbunden or dankbar
2. vishe is always ready to oblige — sie ist immer sehr gefällig or hilfsbereit; (hum) sie ist niemals abgeneigt
they called for a song, but no-one obliged —
we asked him the way and he obliged with directions — wir fragten ihn nach dem Weg, und er gab bereitwillig Auskunft
a prompt reply would oblige (Comm) — wir bitten um baldige Antwort
* * *oblige [əˈblaıdʒ]A v/i1. der Aufforderung oder Bitte nachkommen:she’s always ready to obligea) sie ist sehr entgegenkommend oder gefällig,b) euph hum sie ist allzeit bereit3. erwünscht sein:an early reply will oblige um baldige Antwort wird gebetenB v/tto do zu tun):I was obliged to do sth ich sah mich oder war genötigt oder gezwungen, etwas zu tun; ich musste etwas tunfeel obliged sich verpflichtet fühlenb) jemanden zu Dank verpflichten:(I’m) much obliged (to you) ich bin Ihnen sehr zu Dank verpflichtet!, besten Dank!;I am obliged to you for it ich bin Ihnen dafür sehr verbunden;will you oblige me by doing this? wären Sie so freundlich, das zu tun?oblige you Ihnen zu Gefallen;anything to oblige you selbstverständlich, wenn ich Ihnen damit einen Gefallen erweise!;(will you) oblige me by leaving the room! würden Sie bitte das Zimmer verlassen!4. JUR jemanden (durch Eid etc) binden (to an akk):oblige o.s. sich verpflichten* * *1. transitive verboblige somebody to do something — jemandem vorschreiben, etwas zu tun
2) (constrain, compel) zwingen; nötigenyou are not obliged to answer these questions — Sie sind nicht verpflichtet, diese Fragen zu beantworten
feel obliged to do something — sich verpflichtet fühlen, etwas zu tun
3) (be kind to)oblige somebody with something — (help out) jemandem mit etwas aushelfen
4) obliged (bound by gratitude)2. intransitive verbbe much/greatly obliged to somebody [for something] — jemandem [für etwas] sehr verbunden sein
anything to oblige — (as answer) stets zu Diensten
* * *v.gefallen v.nötigen v.verpflichten v.zwingen v.(§ p.,pp.: zwang, gezwungen) -
7 bind
I [baɪnd]nome colloq. seccatura f., scocciatura f.••II 1. [baɪnd]to be in a bind — AE colloq. essere nei pasticci
2) (constrain)to bind sb. to do — [law, oath] obbligare qcn. a fare
to be bound by — [ person] essere tenuto per [law, oath]
3) (unite) (anche bind together) legare, unire [people, community]4) sart. bordare [ edge]5) (in bookbinding) rilegare [ book]6) gastr. legare [ mixture]2.- bind up* * *past tense, past participle - bound; verb1) (to tie up: The doctor bound up the patient's leg with a bandage; The robbers bound up the bank manager with rope.) fasciare; legare2) (to fasten together and put a cover on the pages of (a book): Bind this book in leather.) rilegare•- binding- - bound* * *[baɪnd] bound vb: pt, pp1. vt1) (tie together, make fast) legare, fig legare, unire, Culin legare, (Sewing: seam) orlare, (book) rilegare2) (encircle) avvolgere, (wound, arm) fasciare, bendare3)to bind sb to sth/to do sth — obbligare qn a qc/a fare qcthe authorities are legally bound to take action — le autorità sono obbligate per legge ad intervenire
2. n(fam: nuisance) scocciatura•- bind up* * *bind /baɪnd/n. [cu]1 (fam.) seccatura; scocciatura (fam.): It's a real bind, having to fetch them, è una bella scocciatura dover andare a prenderli2 (fam.) difficoltà; guaio; grana; pasticcio: to be in a bind, trovarsi in difficoltà (o nei pasticci); to put sb. in a bind, mettere q. in una posizione difficile; creare delle grane per q.4 (mus.) legatura.(to) bind /baɪnd/(pass. e p. p. bound)A v. t.1 legare; assicurare: They bound my hands, mi hanno legato le mani; to bind sb. hand and foot, legare q. mani e piedi; He was bound and gagged, è stato legato e imbavagliato; to bind st. fast, assicurare bene qc.2 (fig.) legare; unire; tenere unito: A common ideal binds them together, li unisce un ideale comune4 allogare come apprendista; mettere a bottega: He was bound to a tailor for three years, è stato messo a bottega da un sarto per tre anni7 bordare; profilare8 rendere compatto; rassodare; amalgamare; far legare: to bind the soil, rendere compatto il terreno; Add an egg to bind the mixture, aggiungete un uovo per legare il compostoB v. i.1 rassodarsi; legare; coagularsi; amalgamarsi: Heat makes clay bind, il calore fa rassodare l'argilla2 (chim.) legare3 (mecc.) grippare, gripparsi; incepparsi; bloccarsi: Rust has caused the lock to bind, la serratura s'è bloccata per la ruggine● to bind oneself, impegnarsi (a fare qc.); vincolarsi.* * *I [baɪnd]nome colloq. seccatura f., scocciatura f.••II 1. [baɪnd]to be in a bind — AE colloq. essere nei pasticci
2) (constrain)to bind sb. to do — [law, oath] obbligare qcn. a fare
to be bound by — [ person] essere tenuto per [law, oath]
3) (unite) (anche bind together) legare, unire [people, community]4) sart. bordare [ edge]5) (in bookbinding) rilegare [ book]6) gastr. legare [ mixture]2.- bind up -
8 obligar
obligar ( conjugate obligar) verbo transitivo nos obligan a llevar uniforme we are required to wear uniform; obligar a algn A QUE haga algo to make sb do sth
obligar verbo transitivo to force, oblige: nada te obliga a vivir con él, no-one's forcing you to live with him ➣ Ver nota en make
' obligar' also found in these entries: Spanish: comprometer - constreñir - desalojar - echar - forzar - hacer - empujar - orillar English: bind - bully - compel - constrained - drive - force - force down - hand - make - oblige - constrain - obligate -
9 force
force [fɔ:s]1. noun• I don't quite see the force of his argument je ne trouve pas que son argument ait beaucoup de poids• to come into force [law, prices] entrer en vigueur► force ofb. ( = power) force fc. ( = body of men) force f• to force o.s. to do sth se forcer à faire qchc. ( = push) to force one's way into entrer de force dansd. ( = break open) [+ lock] forcer3. compounds* * *[fɔːs] 1.1) (of blow, explosion, collision) force f; ( of fall) choc m2) gen, Military force f3) fig force ffrom force of habit/of circumstance — par la force de l'habitude/des circonstances
4) ( influence) force f5) [U] ( organized group) forces fpl7) Physics force f8) Meteorology force f2.forces plural noun Military (also armed forces)3.the forces — les forces fpl armées
in force adverbial phrase1) (in large numbers, strength) en force2) gen, Law [law, prices, ban] en vigueur4.transitive verb1) (compel, oblige) forcer ( to do à faire)to be forced to do ou into doing — gen être forcé de faire
2) ( push)to force one's way through [something] — se frayer un chemin à travers or dans [crowd, jungle]
3) ( apply great pressure to) forcer [door, window, safe]; forcer sur [screw]to force an entry — Law entrer par effraction
4) Agriculture forcer [plant]; engraisser [animal]5.1) ( push oneself)to force oneself — se forcer ( to do à faire)
2) ( impose oneself)•Phrasal Verbs:- force in- force on- force up•• -
10 bind
A ○ n corvée f ; what a bind! quelle corvée! ; it's a bind having to… c'est une vraie corvée de devoir…1 ( tie up) attacher [hands, feet, bundle, parcel] ; ligoter [person] ; panser [wound] ; they bound him to a post ils l'ont attaché à un poteau ;2 ( constrain) to bind sb to do [law, rule, contract, oath] imposer à qn de faire ; to be bound by [person] être tenu par [law, rule, contract, oath] ;3 ( unite) ( also bind together) unir [people, family, community] ; the love that binds him to her l'amour qui l'unit à elle ;4 Sewing poser un biais sur [edge] ;5 ( in bookbinding) relier [book] (in en) ;6 Culin lier [mixture] (with avec).D v refl ( prét, pp bound) to bind oneself ( commit oneself) (to belief, action) s'engager (to sth à qch) ; ( emotionally) se lier (to sb à qn).to be in a bind ○ US être dans le pétrin ○.■ bind over:▶ bind [sb] over Jur relâcher [qn] sous condition ; he was bound over to keep the peace on l'a relâché sous condition qu'il ne récidive pas ; he was bound over to appear before the High Court on l'a relâché sous condition pour qu'il puisse comparaître devant la cour suprême.■ bind up:▶ bind up [sth], bind [sth] up bander [wound, part of body] ; attacher [bundle]. -
11 oblige
oblige [ə'blaɪdʒ](a) (constrain) obliger;∎ to oblige sb to do sth obliger qn à faire qch;∎ you're not obliged to come tu n'es pas obligé de venir∎ formal I would be obliged if you would refrain from smoking vous m'obligeriez beaucoup en ne fumant pas;∎ formal I would be obliged if you could send me the relevant details je vous serais reconnaissant de bien vouloir m'envoyer les renseignements nécessaires;∎ formal could you oblige me with a match? auriez-vous l'amabilité ou l'obligeance de me donner une allumette?;∎ much obliged! merci beaucoup!;∎ to be obliged to sb for sth être reconnaissant à qn pour qch, savoir gré à qn de qch;∎ she obliged the guests with a song elle a consenti à chanter pour les invités∎ always ready to oblige! toujours prêt à rendre service!;∎ I would be only too glad to oblige je serais ravi de vous rendre service -
12 squeeze
squeeze [skwi:z]1 noun∎ he gave my hand a reassuring squeeze il a serré ma main pour me rassurer;∎ to give sb a squeeze serrer qn dans ses bras;∎ familiar to put the squeeze on sb faire pression sur qn□(b) (crush of people) cohue f;∎ it was a tight squeeze (in vehicle, room) on était très serré; (through opening) on est passé de justesse(c) (small amount → of liquid) quelques gouttes fpl;∎ a squeeze of lemon quelques gouttes de citron;∎ a squeeze of toothpaste un peu de dentifrice∎ in a squeeze you can always borrow my car en cas de problème, tu peux toujours emprunter ma voiture∎ (credit) squeeze resserrement m du crédit;∎ a squeeze on jobs des suppressions fpl d'emploi;∎ since her husband lost his job, they've really been feeling the squeeze depuis que son mari a perdu son emploi, ils ont de sérieux problèmes d'argent(f) (in bridge) squeeze m(a) (press → tube, sponge, pimple) presser; (→ cloth) essorer; (→ trigger) presser sur, appuyer sur; (→ package) palper; (→ hand, shoulder) serrer;∎ I squeezed as hard as I could j'ai serré aussi fort que j'ai pu;∎ she squeezed her knees together elle serra les genoux;∎ I kept my eyes squeezed tight shut j'ai gardé les yeux bien fermés;∎ to squeeze the life out of sb étouffer qn(b) (extract, press out → liquid) exprimer; (→ paste, glue) faire sortir; figurative (money, information) soutirer;∎ I squeezed a dab of cream onto my nose je me suis mis un peu de crème sur le nez;∎ a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice une orange pressée;∎ to squeeze the juice out of a lemon extraire le jus d'un citron;∎ to squeeze the water out of a sponge essorer une éponge;∎ to squeeze the air out of or from sth faire sortir l'air de qch en appuyant dessus;∎ it won't be easy to squeeze the results out of him il ne sera pas facile de lui soutirer les résultats;∎ you won't squeeze another penny out of me! tu n'auras pas un sou de plus!;∎ they want to squeeze more concessions from the EC ils veulent forcer la Communauté européenne à faire de nouvelles concessions;∎ she's squeezing a lot of publicity out of the issue elle exploite le sujet au maximum pour se faire de la publicité(c) (cram, force) faire entrer (avec difficulté);∎ I can't squeeze another thing into my suitcase je ne peux plus rien faire entrer dans ma valise;∎ they're squeezing more and more circuits onto microchips ils réussissent à mettre de plus en plus de circuits sur les puces;∎ she squeezed the ring onto her finger elle enfila la bague avec difficulté;∎ he squeezed his way under the fence il s'est glissé ou faufilé sous le grillage;∎ he squeezed his huge bulk behind the steering wheel il parvint à glisser son corps volumineux derrière le volant;∎ 20 men were squeezed into one small cell 20 hommes étaient entassés dans une petite cellule;∎ the airport is squeezed between the sea and the mountains l'aéroport est coincé entre la mer et les montagnes∎ universities are being squeezed by the cuts les réductions (de budget) mettent les universités en difficulté;∎ the British car industry has been squeezed by foreign competition l'industrie automobile britannique subit la pression de la concurrence étrangère;∎ familiar I'm a bit squeezed for time/money question temps/argent, je suis un peu juste(e) (in bridge) squeezer∎ the lorry managed to squeeze between the posts le camion a réussi à passer de justesse entre les poteaux;∎ I squeezed into the crowded room j'ai réussi à me glisser dans la salle bondée;∎ they all squeezed onto the bus ils se sont tous entassés dans le bus;∎ can you squeeze into that parking space? y a-t-il assez de place pour te garer là?;∎ try and squeeze into these trousers essayez de rentrer dans ce pantalon;∎ it was possible just to squeeze under the wire il était tout juste possible de se glisser sous le fil de fer(get in) se faire une petite place;∎ I had to squeeze in past six people to reach my seat j'ai dû me glisser devant six personnes pour atteindre mon siège(in schedule) réussir à faire entrer;∎ she's hoping to squeeze in a trip to Rome too elle espère avoir aussi le temps de faire un saut à Rome;∎ the dentist says he can squeeze you in le dentiste dit qu'il peut vous prendre entre deux rendez-vous;∎ can you squeeze in a lunch with me next week? vous n'auriez pas une petite heure disponible pour déjeuner avec moi la semaine prochaine?(a) (sponge, wet clothes) essorer∎ I squeezed out the last of the glue j'ai fini le tube de colle;∎ she gently squeezed the splinter out en pressant doucement, elle a fait sortir l'écharde(c) (get rid of → candidate, competitor) évincer;∎ they're trying to squeeze me out ils essaient de se débarrasser de moi;∎ we were squeezed out by a German firm une société allemande nous a devancés d'une courte tête;∎ the Japanese are squeezing them out of the market ils sont en train de se faire évincer du marché par les Japonaisse serrer, se pousser;∎ squeeze up a bit so Jane can sit down serrez-vous un peu pour que Jane puisse s'asseoir -
13 hem in
* * *◆ hem invt1. (surround)▪ to \hem in in ⇆ sb/sth jdn/etw umgeben [o einschließen▪ to \hem in in ⇆ sb jdn einengento feel \hem inmed in sich akk eingeengt fühlen* * *vt septroops etc einschließen, umgeben; (fig) einengen -
14 hem in
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constraint — con|straint W3 [kənˈstreınt] n [Date: 1300 1400; : Old French; Origin: constrainte, from constraindre; CONSTRAIN] 1.) something that limits your freedom to do what you want = ↑restriction constraint on ▪ Constraints on spending have forced the… … Dictionary of contemporary English
